Functional Behavioral Assessment and Behavior Intervention Plan
Disability Rights North Carolina
Functional Behavioral Assessment and Behavior Intervention Plan
1. Why create a Behavior Intervention Plan?
The law requires the IEP Team to review your child's behavior and determine whether it really gets in the way of his learning or the learning of others. If your child's IEP Team identifies behavioral difficulties, the behavior challenges are evaluated and a behavior intervention plan is put into place to help the child, the family and the school respond to the challenging behaviors as they happen. A good behavior intervention plan begins with a good functional behavior assessment.
2. What is the Functional Behavioral Assessment?
A functional behavior assessment (or FBA) is a tool used to help identify and understand a child's behavior. A Functional Behavior Assessment should describe the behavior that's causing the child trouble at school. For example, "Mary throws her books on the floor." predict when and where the behavior will occur. For example, "Mary throws her books when it is time for the class to work independently on their math assignments. This behavior usually happens as soon as it is time for the classwork to begin. identify possible reasons the child may be having behavior issues. For example, "The IEP Team reviewed Mary's math grades and her behaviors. We believe that Mary uses this behavior to avoid working on math, which she struggles with. Mary believes that if she gets in trouble, she can avoid her math assignment." develop intervention strategies. For example, "The IEP Team will create a plan to reward Mary for each math lesson where she does not throw her books. Mary will also begin attending resource classes for extra help in math." To get all of this accomplished, the team needs a lot of information or data on your child's behavior. This data should come from many sources, including observation of your child and a complete review of your child's record.
3. What is the Behavior Intervention Plan?
A behavior intervention plan (or BIP) is a written plan that can support your child, and should be based on the information gathered in the FBA. A BIP should be positive. It should be focused on giving your child skills that he/she needs to interact successfully in school, not on punishing him/her for acting up. The point of the FBA and the BIP is to support children who really need it, so that they can have positive school experiences and hopefully overcome behavior problems. The BIP should do more than target behaviors that are a problem. It should identify positive behaviors that can replace those negative ones. For example, an appropriate behavior goal for Mary might be that "Mary will ask the teacher for help with her math assignments." This positive behavior would replace the negative behavior of throwing books on the floor. The BIP should include a reward for replacing the negative behavior with a positive one. It is important to include your child in selecting a reward. Your child is more likely to work on positive behavior in order to earn a desired reward. Rewards might include playing basketball, using a computer, individual attention from an adult, or anything else your child is willing to work towards. You might consider using a system with multiple rewards. For example, Mary might earn a small prize at school each time she asks for help instead of throwing her books. She might earn a large prize at home at the end of the week if she has not thrown her books during the whole week. Reinforcing your child's improved behavior at home and at school can motivate him to work even harder. The BIP should also include a system for tracking your child's behavior and whether the BIP is successful. The IEP Team might use emails to parents, behavior charts, or sticker sheets to collect data on any improvements in the targeted behaviors. Remember that the BIP is part of your child's IEP. It must be followed by the school staff, and it should be reviewed and changed as needed.
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